| Usama Muhammad
What is Functional Testing?
It is a type of Black box testing. It is concerned about “does this actually work?”. This type of testing the software is to ensure the requirements of an application or software, verifying that either the app or software works as per customer needs. Functional Testing basically concerned about what will be the result of this executing process.
Therefore, Functionality Testing basically based on two techniques:
- Testing Based on Requirements: Contains all the functional specifications which form a basis for all the tests to be conducted.
- Testing based on Business scenarios: Contains the information about how the system will be perceived from a business process perspective.
Types of Functional Testing:
There are many types of Functional Testing but all these types are based on scenarios. Some of them discussed below:
- a. UNIT TESTING: Usually, Unit testing performed by the developers who can write different code unit to perform a specific functionality. It is mandatory that developers should perform unit testing before given a release of a software or application to the testing phase. Without perform the unit testing software cannot run correctly.
- b. INTEGRATION TESTING: This testing would perform by the developers and the testers both because first developers combined the multiples units and check their impacts if the integration works fine then the developer gives a release or build to the Tester and then tester will ensures that the units integration cause major functionality break or any major issues found or not.
- c. REGRESSION TESTING: This type of Testing usually performed from tester side. The purpose of this testing to check whether the fixing of Bugs, enhancements in a software or a code changing will impact other functionalities or not.
- d. SMOKE TESTING: The purpose of this testing to ensure that the released build is stable or a bug free. In the smoke testing, we test the main functionalities of the software. It is also known as build verification testing.
- e. SANITY TESTING: Sanity testing performed after the smoke testing and ensure that the new functionalities are working fine.
How to Start Functional Testing?
First you need to identify the functional requirements of a software or application from documentation. After the understanding of the requirement you need to follow some steps for testing the functionality of the software. There are so many steps to perform the functional testing but below there are some basic steps you need to keep in the mind:
- Identify the Functional Requirements.
- Identify the test input or test data to perform functional testing
- Create Test Cases against the identified functional requirements
- Compute the expected results from the given input values
- Execute the Test Cases
- Compare expected result with your actual results
What we do if we have no documented requirements?
One thing that you keep in mind is that, if we have no documented requirements of any software and needs to assure the quality on urgent basis of that software. Then you must need to run the flow of the software two to three times or much more with random inputs and observe its behavior. Now with your observations you can easily ready the functional requirements of any software and perform the functional testing easily with valid inputs.
Conclusion:
Functional Testing is the most important part to assure the quality of any software or application. Without performing the functional testing no software would be Qualified.
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